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Fact Central

Nation · Northern Ireland

Northern Ireland

Discover Northern Ireland, a UK nation shaped by the Mourne Mountains, the Sperrins, the Fermanagh lakelands and the north coast's Giant's Causeway.

Quick facts

Type of place
Nation
Nation
Northern Ireland
Official identifier
gss:N92000002

ONS countries December 2024

Office for National Statistics · ons-countries-2024 · Open Government Licence v3.0 · Source: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.3.0 Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2024.

Overview

Northern Ireland’s landscapes include the Mourne Mountains, the Sperrins, the Fermanagh lakelands and the Giant’s Causeway. They offer different starting points for exploring its geography, from mountain country to the basalt columns of the north coast. Belfast’s Titanic Quarter provides a connection with the city’s maritime past.

Geography and administration

Northern Ireland is one of the four nations of the United Kingdom.

Population and demographics

Population
1,928,446 people

Figures for . NISRA MYE25 Northern Ireland and LGD2014 administrative areas.

Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency · nisra-mid-2025 · Flat!F56. Released 24 September 2026.

Open Government Licence v3.0 · Source: NISRA. Website: https://www.nisra.gov.uk. Crown copyright; Open Government Licence v3.0.

Mountains, lakelands and coast

Slieve Donard is Northern Ireland’s highest mountain. The Sperrins, the Fermanagh lakelands and the north coast add other landscapes to explore. Each gives a different perspective on Northern Ireland, alongside the maritime history reflected in Belfast’s Titanic Quarter. These are landscape examples rather than council boundaries.

The Giant's Causeway

On the north coast, the Giant’s Causeway is known for more than 40,000 basalt columns formed about 60 million years ago. Recognised as a World Heritage Site, it records an important stage in the Earth’s development.

A geopark across the border

The Cuilcagh Lakelands Geopark crosses the border between County Fermanagh in Northern Ireland and County Cavan in the Republic of Ireland, highlighting the cross-border character of the area's natural heritage.

Sources

  1. Welcome to Northern Ireland — Tourism NI. Northern Ireland's landscapes include the Mourne Mountains, the Sperrins, the Fermanagh lakelands and the north coast's Giant's Causeway. (Discover Northern Ireland: Mournes, Sperrins, Cuilcagh and Belfast). Accessed 2026-09-28.
  2. Giant's Causeway — National Trust. The Giant's Causeway is known for more than 40,000 basalt columns formed about 60 million years ago. (Basalt columns and geological history). Accessed 2026-09-28.